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General Information :

Facts & Figures about Nepal

LOCATION :
Latitude 26°22'N to 30°27' North
Longitude 80°04'E to 88°12' East
   
SIZE : NEPAL FACT SHEET
Area 147181 Sq. Km.
Geography Situated between China in the North and India in the South, East and West
Length 885 Km. [East to West]
Width Non-uniform, Mean width of 193 Km. [North to South]
Altitude 70 meters to 8848 meters
Capital City Kathmandu
Language Nepali
Currency Nepalese Rupee
Religion Secular State
Fiscal Year Nepalese Fiscal Year starts from Mid July
Political System Constitutent Assembly (Republic)
National Bird Impean Pheasant (Danfe)
National Flower Rhododendron Arboreum (Lali Gurans)


Administrative and Physical Division
Administratively, the country is divided into five development regions, i.e., Eastern, Central, Western, Midwestern and Far Western. The regions are further divided into a total of 75 Districts with a total of 3,915 village development committees (VDCs) and 58 municipalities. A VDC is the smallest administrative unit, which is further divided into nine wards, each of which elects a representative to the VDC. VDCs are considered as grassroots political institutions, through which the people are expected to participate directly in the planning, programming, and implementation of development programs and projects at the local level. The municipalities are also divided into wards, which range from 9 - 35. The number of wards varies as per the size of the town.

The next level in the administration is composed of the District Development Committees (DDCs). With the passing of the New Act on Local Self Governance (1998), the DDCs are supposed to undertake planning and programming exercises within districts and implement them. Only national level projects fall under the authority of the Central Government.

Climate
Nepal has huge variance in attitude and topography, hence diversity of weather and climate. The country experiences tropical, meso thermal, micro thermal, taiga and tundra type of climate. There are four climatic seasons in Nepal namely- spring, summer, autumn and winter. Spring and autumn are the most pleasant seasons. The Terai is hot and humid in summer with temperature going up to 41o C. The mid-mountain regions are pleasant all round the year. The Northern Himalayan region has an alpine climate. In Kathmandu the maximum temperature in winter is normally 18° C to 20°C and in summer it goes to about 30°C- 32°C.

Nepal receives most of its rains during the three summer months Mid June – Mid September. The annual rainfall in Katmandu generally exceeds 1300 mm. The mean annual precipitation ranges from more than 6000 mm along the southern slopes of the Annapurna range in central Nepal to less than the 250 mm in the north central portion near the Tibetan plateau. Amounts varying between 1500 and 2500 mm predominate over most of the country. On an average, about 80% of the precipitation is confined to the monsoon period (June-September). The highest annual rainfall recorded so far is 4217 mm at Pokhara in 1993.

Geographic Division
( Census year 2001) Ecologically Nepal can be divided into three ecological regions: Namely: Mountain: 35 percent, Hill: 42 percent, Terai: 23 percent.

Mountain Region:
The altitude of this region ranges between 4877 meters and 8848 meters with the snow line running around 8848 meters. It includes 8 of the existing 14 summits in the world, which exceed the altitude of 8000 meters. They are: (1) Sagarmatha (Mt. Everest) - 8848 m (2) Kangchenjunga - 8586 m, (3) Lhotse - 8516 m, (4) Makalu - 8463 m, (5) Cho Oyo - 8201 m, (6) Dhaulagiri - 8167 m, (7) Manaslu - 8163 m, and (8) Annapurna - 8091 m.

Hill Region:
This region accounts for about 64 percent of total land area. The Mahabharat range that raises up to 4877 meters forms it. To its south lies the lower Churia range whose altitude varies from 610 meters to 1524 meters.

Terai Region:
The lowland Terai region, which has a width of about 26 to 32 kilometers and an altitude maximum of 305 meters, occupies about 17 percent of total land area of the country. Kechanakawal, the lowest point of the country with an altitude of 70 meters lies in Jhapa District of the eastern Terai.

VITAL STATISTICS

Population
1991 Census
2001 Census
2011 Census

     Male

9220974
11563921
12927431
 

     Female

9270123
11587502
13693378
 

     Total

18491097
23151423
26620809
 
Average Annual Population

     Growth Rate

2.1%
2.24%
1.40%
 
Number of Households
3328721
4253220
5659984
 
Population Density per Sq.Km.
125.6
157
181
 
Average No. Household Size
5.6
5.44
4.70
 
Crude Birth Rate
--
33.1
--
per 1000 population
Crude Death Rate
--
9.6
--
per 1000 population
Total Fertility Rate
--
4.1
--
per woman
Infant Mortality Rate
--
64.4
--
per 1000 live birth
Child Mortality Rate
--
91.2
--
per 1000 live birth
Life Expectancy (yrs.) at Birth
--
60.4
--
 
Literacy Rate (of Total Population)

     Both Sex

39.6%
54.1%
 

     Male

54.5%
65.5%
 

     Female

25.0%
42.8%
 
Economically Active Population (of Total Population)

     Both Sex

39.69%
42.76%
 

     Male

47.45%
48.48%
 

     Female

31.97%
37.05%
 

Compiled by Research & Information Division of FNCCI from various publications of Central Bureau of Statistics.



PERCENTAGE DISTRIBUTION OF POPULATION AGED 10 YEARS AND ABOVE BY OCCUPATION CATEGORY
Occupation Category
Rural / Urban Markets
Markets of Ecological Region Markets of Development Region
Overall*
Rural
Urban
Terai Hills Mountain EDR
CDR
WDR
MFWDR
Agriculture
12.0
4.7
8.6
7.8
4.6
7.6
6.8
7.1
12.3
7.9
Business / Industry
13.3
12.3
11.4
13.0
21.3
14.3
12.9
12.9
9.8
12.8
Service / Teaching
8.4
12.9
8.3
13.0
10.0
8.6
13.6
9.3
9.6
10.9
Housewife
19.5
22.3
22.2
20.5
18.3
19.9
21.7
21.2
21.4
21.1
Student
29.9
27.4
28.4
28.6
28.3
27.9
26.6
29.6
32.9
28.5
Wage Earner
4.3
3.6
5.2
3.1
2.5
5.3
3.6
3.2
3.1
3.9
Domestic Worker
1.2
1.7
1.4
1.4
2.5
1.6
1.4
1.3
1.8
1.5
Others
11.3
15.2
14.5
12.7
12.6
14.9
13.4
15.5
9.2
13.5
Total
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100


AVERAGE MONTHLY HOUSEHOLD INCOME BY DOMAIN
Occupation Category
Rural / Urban Markets
Markets of Ecological Region
Markets of Development Region
Overall*
Rural
Urban
Terai Hills Mountain EDR
CDR
WDR
MFWDR
Agriculture, Livestock & Fishery
2403
1634
2299
1773
1972
2488
1868
1524
1980
1994
Salary, Allowance, Wage & Pension
5047
10029
6021
9102
6018
5778
9557
8343
5692
7698
Business, Service Enterprise & Other related
6523
9458
6905
8666
10903
8056
8360
9053
6400
8085
Remittance
4582
4254
5436
3888
2121
6747
2527
8047
1059
4407
Inputed Rent
1667
3789
2113
3327
2514
1997
3437
3161
2180
2796
Miscellaneous
2003
2771
2774
2267
1225
3024
1860
2904
2183
2411
Total
22225
31935
25546
29023
24754
28090
27608
33032
19494
27391


Population Projection:

Year
2008
2009
2012
2015
2018
2021
Total
26966581
27504280
29128517
30772071
32452967
34172144

Male

13515938
13790836
14621285
15461687
16320848
17199235
Female
13450643
13713444
14507232
15310384
16132119
16972909

Compiled by Research & Information Division of FNCCI from Statistical Year Book of Nepal, 2007.


EDUCATION:

A. Non-Technical Manpower Production in Higher Education
(Certificate, Bachelor, Master and PhD)

SN
Faculty and Program
2005/06
2006/07
2007/08
2008/09
2009/10
1.
Law
801
388
243
372
313

2.

Management
22506
13956
14592
10737
15462
3. Education
10000
7182
8127
9043
16604
4. Humanities and Social Sciences
27553
19479
17313
15677
17714
 
Total
60860
41005
40275
35829
50093

B. Technical Manpower Production in Higher Education:

SN
Faculty and Program
2005/06
2006/07
2007/08
2008/09
2009/10
1.
Engineering
1071
1528
1578
8025
13039

2.

Agriculture and Animal Sciences
138
136
176
181
196
3. Medicine
577
710
750
580
985
4. Forestry
129
164
161
145
186
5. Science and Technology
7335
3012
3924
3447
4524
 
Total
9250
5550
6589
12378
18930
 
Grand Total (A + B)
70110
46555
46864
48207
69023

Note: Data includes only of Tribhuvan University.


C. Number of Schools and Students:
     
Number of Students in '000
Academic
Primary
Lower Secondary
Secondary
Year
School
Student
School
Student
School
Student
2007
29220
4419
9739
1444
5894
671
2008
30924
4782
10636
1467
6516
715

2009

31655
4901
11341
1604
6928
790
2010
32684
4952
11939
1700
7559
812

D. Number of Teachers:
     
In Number
Academic
Primary
Lower Secondary
Secondary
Year
Total
Trained
Total
Trained
Total
Trained
2007
116846
77630
27903
14606
20674
14478
2008
143574
96298
37068
20035
26925
19202

2009

153536
113096
40259
23021
29109
23193
2010
167216
134991
46032
29265
33835
28780

E. Sectoral Distribution of Schools, Students and Teachers under Public and Private Sectors for the Academic Year 2010:
     
In numbers
Sector
Primary
Lower Secondary
Secondary
School
Student
Teacher
School
Student
Teacher
School
Student
Teacher
Nepal
32684
4951956
167216
11939
1699927
46032
7559
811910
33835

Public

23165
3818625
102350
5357
1115473
25772
3090
515638
19584
Community
4683
544818
24201
3504
353660
6666
1919
164216
2072
Private
4836
588513
40665
3078
230794
13594
2550
132056
12179


HEALTH SERVICES
In Numbers
SN
Description
2006/07
2007/08
2008/09
2009/10
2010/11*
1.
Extension of Services
4396
4396
4392
4393
4393
  a. Hospitals
87
94
102
102
102
  b. Health Centers
6
5
5
0
0
  c. Health Posts
676
699
676
1176
1698
  d. Ayurvedic Services Centre
293
293
293
291
291
  e. Sub-Health Posts
3129
3104
3114
2617
2095
  f. Primary Health Centre
205
201
202
207
207
             
2. Hospital Beds
6944
6944
6944
6944
7049
             
3. Skilled Manpower
91744
91840
92010
92181
82994
  a. Doctors
1361+
1457+
1627+
1798
1798+
  b. Nurses#
11637
11637
11637
11637
12681
  c. Kaviraj (Ayurvedic Physicians)+
394
394
394
394
407
  d. Vaidya (Ayurvedic Physicians)+
360
360
360
360
360
  e. Health Assistants
7491
7491
7491
7491
8013
  f. Health Workers (MCHW)
3190
3190
3190
3190
3190
  g. Village Level Health Workers
3985
3985
3985
3985
3985
  h. Other Members (Trained Sudeni, Women Health Volunteers)
63326
63326
63326
63326
52560

* First Eight Months, + Total Doctors including 193 Scholarships
Compiled by Research & Information Division of FNCCI from Economic Survey.

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